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The Figurative Use of Words (´Ü¾îÀÇ ºñÀ¯Àû ¿ë¹ý)
Àå¹Ù¿ï  2010-08-07 02:11:10, Á¶È¸ : 3,347



D. The Figurative Use of Words (Berkhof, p. 82)
(´Ü¾îÀÇ ºñÀ¯Àû ¿ë¹ý)

1. Principal Tropes Used in Scripture
(¼º°æ¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ Áß¿äÇÑ ºñÀ¯)

In the present connection we are not concerned with figures of syntax or figures of thought, but rather with those figures of speech that are commonly called tropes, in which a word or expression is used in a different sense from that which properly belongs to it.
(ÀÌ¿¡ ¿¬°üÇÏ¿© ±¸¹®ÀÇ ºñÀ¯³ª, »ç»óÀÇ ºñÀ¯¿¡ °ü½ÉÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ÇÑ ´Ü¾î³ª Ç¥ÇöÀÌ ±×¿¡ ÇÕ´çÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ´Ù¸¥ Àǹ̷Π»ç¿ëµÈ º¸Åë Tropes¶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ¸»ÀÇ ºñÀ¯¿¡ °ü½ÉÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù)

They are founded on resemblance or on certain definite relations. The principal tropes are the metaphor, the metonymy, and the synecdoche.
(±×µéÀº À¯»ç¼ºÀ̳ª ¾î¶² Á¦ÇÑµÈ °ü°è¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±× ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ºñÀ¯µéÀº ÀºÀ¯, ȯÀ¯, ´ëÀ¯ µîÀÌ´Ù)

a. The Metaphor (ÀºÀ¯, ëßêç/¾ÏÀ¯, äÞêç) (p. 83)

It might be called an unexpressed comparison.
(ÀºÀ¯´Â ³ë°ñÀûÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ºñÀ¯¶ó°í ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù)

(1) It is a figure of speech in which one object is likened to another by asserting it to be that other, or by speaking of it as if it were that other.
(ÀÌ ÀºÀ¯´Â ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ Àú°ÍÀ̶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇѴٰųª ¸¶Ä¡ ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ Àú°Í°ú °°¾Ò¾ú´Ù°í ¸»ÇÔÀ¸·Î¼­ ÇϳªÀÇ ´ë»óÀ» ´Ù¸¥ °Í¿¡ À¯»çÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÏ´Â ¸»ÀÇ ºñÀ¯ÀÌ´Ù)

(2) It differs from the simile in that it does not express the word of likeness. Metaphors are of frequent occurrence in the Bible.
(ÀÌ ÀºÀ¯´Â À¯»ç¼ºÀÇ ´Ü¾î¸¦ Ç¥ÇöÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â Á÷À¯¿Í ´Ù¸£´Ù. ÀºÀ¯´Â ¼º°æ¿¡ ÀÚÁÖ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù)

(3) In Ps. 18:2 six of them are found in a single verse. ¡°The LORD is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer; my God, my strength, in whom I will trust; my buckler, and the horn of my salvation, and my high tower¡±. (½Ã 18:2) ¿©È£¿Í´Â ³ªÀÇ ¹Ý¼®ÀÌ½Ã¿ä ³ªÀÇ ¿ä»õ½Ã¿ä ³ª¸¦ °ÇÁö½Ã´Â ÀÚ½Ã¿ä ³ªÀÇ Çϳª´ÔÀÌ½Ã¿ä ³ªÀÇ ÇÇÇÒ ¹ÙÀ§½Ã¿ä ³ªÀÇ ¹æÆÐ½Ã¿ä ³ªÀÇ ±¸¿øÀÇ »ÔÀÌ½Ã¿ä ³ªÀÇ »ê¼ºÀ̽÷δÙ)

1) Jesus employs this figure of speech when He says to the Pharisees: \"Go ye, and tell that fox,\" (Luke 13:32).

2) There are two kinds of metaphors in the Bible that have reference to the Divine Being and deserve special attention:
(Çϳª´Ô¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ð±ÞÀ¸·Î ¼º°æ¿¡ µÎ Á¾·ùÀÇ ÀºÀ¯¹ýÀÌ Àִµ¥ Ưº°È÷ À¯ÀÇÇÒ ¸¸ÇÏ´Ù)

(1) anthropopathisms (½ÅÀε¿°¨µ¿Á¤·Ð) and
(2) anthropomorphisms (½ÅÀε¿Çüµ¿¼º·Ð).

¨ç In the former, human emotions, passions and desires are ascribed to God. (Cf. Gen. 6:6-¶¥ À§¿¡ »ç¶÷ ÁöÀ¸¼ÌÀ½À» ÇÑźÇÏ»ç ¸¶À½¿¡ ±Ù½ÉÇϽðí; Deut. 13:17-³Ê´Â ÀÌ Áø¸êÇÒ ¹°°ÇÀ» Á¶±Ýµµ ³× ¼Õ¿¡ ´ëÁö ¸»¶ó ±×¸®ÇÏ¸é ¿©È£¿Í²²¼­ ±× Áø³ë¸¦ ±×Ä¡½Ã°í ³Ê¸¦ ±àÈáÈ÷ ¿©±â½Ã°í ÀÚºñ¸¦ ´õÇÏ»ç ³ÊÀÇ ¿­Á¶¿¡°Ô ¸Í¼¼ÇϽɰ°ÀÌ ³× ¼öÈ¿¸¦ ¹ø¼ºÄÉ ÇÏ½Ç °ÍÀ̶ó; Eph. 4:30-Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¼º·ÉÀ» ±Ù½ÉÇÏ°Ô ÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó ±× ¾È¿¡¼­ ³ÊÈñ°¡ ±¸¼ÓÀÇ ³¯±îÁö ÀÎ Ä¡½ÉÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´À´Ï¶ó).

¨è In the latter, bodily members and physical activities are attributed to Him. (Cf. Ex. 15:16-³î¶÷°ú µÎ·Á¿òÀÌ ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¹ÌÄ¡¸Å ÁÖÀÇ ÆÈÀÌ Å­À» ÀÎÇÏ¿© ±×µéÀÌ µ¹°°ÀÌ °í¿äÇÏ¿´»ç¿ÀµÇ ¿©È£¿Í¿© ÁÖÀÇ ¹é¼ºÀÌ Åë°úÇϱâ±îÁö °ð ÁÖÀÇ »ç½Å ¹é¼ºÀÌ Åë°úÇϱâ±îÁö¿´³ªÀÌ´Ù;
Ps. 34:16-¿©È£¿ÍÀÇ ¾ó±¼Àº Çà¾ÇÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¸¦ ´ëÇÏ»ç ÀúÈñÀÇ ÀÚÃ븦 ¶¥¿¡¼­ ²÷À¸·Á ÇϽôµµ´Ù;
Lam. 3:56-ÁÖ²²¼­ ÀÌ¹Ì ³ªÀÇ À½¼ºÀ» µéÀ¸¼Ì»ç¿À´Ï ÀÌÁ¦ ³ªÀÇ Åº½Ä°ú ºÎ¸£Â¢À½¿¡ ÁÖÀÇ ±Í¸¦ °¡¸®¿ìÁö ¸¶¿É¼Ò¼­;
Zech. 14:4-±× ³¯¿¡ ±×ÀÇ ¹ßÀÌ ¿¹·ç»ì·½ ¾Õ °ð µ¿Æí °¨¶÷ »ê¿¡ ¼­½Ç °ÍÀÌ¿ä °¨¶÷ »êÀº ±× ÇÑ°¡¿îµ¥°¡ µ¿¼­·Î °¥¶óÁ® ¸Å¿ì Å« °ñÂ¥±â°¡ µÇ¾î¼­ »ê Àý¹ÝÀº ºÏÀ¸·Î, Àý¹ÝÀº ³²À¸·Î ¿Å±â°í;
Jas. 5:4-º¸¶ó ³ÊÈñ ¹ç¿¡ Ãß¼öÇÑ Ç°²Û¿¡°Ô ÁÖÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ »éÀÌ ¼Ò¸®Áö¸£¸ç Ãß¼öÇÑ ÀÚÀÇ ¿ì´Â ¼Ò¸®°¡ ¸¸±ºÀÇ ÁÖÀÇ ±Í¿¡ µé·È´À´Ï¶ó).

3) Undoubtedly there is also a great deal that is metaphorical in the description of heaven as a city with golden streets and pearly gates, in which the tree of life yields its fruits from month to month; and in the representation of the eternal torments as a worm that dieth not, a fire that is not quenched, and a smoke of torment ascending forever and ever.
(ºÐ¸íÈ÷ Ȳ±Ý °Å¸®¿Í ÁøÁÖ ¹®µéÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ µµ¼º(õ±¹)¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹¦»ç¿¡ À־ ÀºÀ¯ÀûÀΠǥÇöµéÀÌ ¸¹Àºµ¥, °Å±â¿¡ ´Ù´ÞÀÌ ¿­¸Å¸¦ ¸Î´Â »ý¸íÀÇ ³ª¹«µéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °Í°ú, ¿µ¿øÇÑ °íÅë(Áö¿Á)ÀÇ Ç¥ÇöÀ¸·Î ¹ú·¹µµ Á×Áö ¾Ê°í ²¨ÁöÁö ¾Ê´Â ºÒ, ±×¸®°í ¿µ¿øÈ÷ ¼Ú¾Æ¿À¸£´Â °íÅëÀÇ ¿¬±â µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù).




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