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The Modern World (1800 AD-Onwards) (Liberalists: Albrecht Ritschl)
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장부영
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2009-01-04 15:37:09, 조회 : 2,343 |
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(2) Albrecht Ritschl (1822-1889)
1) He was born at Berlin in 1822, the son of a Lutheran pastor who later became a bishop.
2) He became a professor of theology m first at Tubingen, from 1852 to 1864, and then at Gottingen until his death in 1889.
3) He wrote two major works (each in three volumes):
① The Christian Doctrine of Justification and Reconciliation (1870-74).
② History of Pietism (1880-86)
4) He followed the Liberal tradition pioneered by Schleiermacher, but modified the latter's thought in a number of vital areas.
5) Like Schleiermacher, he based his theology on Christian experience, but the found Schleiermacher's approach, with its stress on feeling and the emotion, on subjective and "mystical.'
6) He tried to secure both the two, subjectivism and rationalism with the solution to turn to history.
7) In opposition to the individualism and subjectivism of Schleiermacher, he stressed the communal side of Christianity, that is to say, that Christian salvation is experienced only in the fellowship of the church.
8) He asserted that the early Church Fathers had corrupted Christianity by importing Greek philosophy into it - thus turning the God of the Bible into the absolute of the philosophers, and the Jesus of Gospels into the eternal Word of Greek Platonism.
9) For Ritschl the starting point for theology is not speculation about God as he is 'in himself', but his action for us in giving us the forgiveness of sins through Jesus Christ. He focuses theological starting point not on the existence of God but on the action of God.
10) He denied the doctrine of original sin and insisted that it is possible to lead a life without sin. There is no need of the reconciliation through the Mediate, Jesus Christ because there is no wrath of God against sin.
11) Ritschl was unwilling to speak of Jesus Christ as pre-existent (existing before his birth of May) and he conceived of his continuing activity today largely in terms of his posthumous influence.
12) His teaching on the kingdom of God stimulated the rise of the 'Social Gospel' movement (Influenced on Rauschenbusch, 1861-1918).
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