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The Reformation and Reaction (1500-1800 AD) (Jacob Arminius)
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장부영
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2009-01-04 15:11:45, 조회 : 2,406 |
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8. Jacob Arminius (1560-1609)
(1) He was born before 1560 at Oudewater in Holland. He went to Leiden and Geneva University, at which he studied under Theodore Beza, Calvin's successor, who gave him a warm testimonial when he left.
(2) He returned in 1587 to Amsterdam, where he was ordained pastor. In 1589 Arminius was called upon to defend the Calvinistic doctrine of predestination against the attacks of Dirk Coornhert.
(3) He was reticent about expounding his view openly - probably for fear of the consequence. Very little of his work was published until after his death.
(4) He set out his view on predestination in his Declaration of Sentiments in 1608. There are four decrees of God:
1) God decreed to appoint Jesus Christ as the mediator to win salvation for man.
2) God decreed to accept and save all who would repent and believe in Jesus Christ and to reject impenitent unbelievers.
3) God decreed to provide the means necessary for man to repent and believe.
4) God decreed the salvation of certain specific individual - because he foresaw that they would believe and persevere to the end.
(5) Thus, in this way Arminius rejected the Augustinian/Calvinist idea of unconditional election - that God chooses or elects people for salvation regardless of any foreseen merit in them.
(6) He insisted that even the regenerate of born again can do any good by only cooperative grace of God, but he differed from the Augustinian position at one vital point: God's grace makes our salvation possible, not inevitable.
(7) Augustine and Calvin it is ultimately true that we choose God because he has chosen us, while for Arminius the reverse is true.
(8) After his death, his successors produced a Remonstrance with five points:
1) God chose to save through Jesus Christ all those who through the grace of the Holy Spirit would believe in him and persevere to the end.
2) Jesus Christ by his death on the cross, obtained forgiveness of sins for all, but only believers partake of it.
3) Fallen man will of his own free will think nothing that is truly good. We need to be born again by God, in Christ, through the Holy Spirit in order to do that which is truly good.
4) We can do no good without God's grace preceding, awakening, following and cooperating with us. But this grace is not irresistible.
5) True believers are enable by grace to persevere to the end and be saved. But whether it is possible through sloth or negligence to loose this grace is uncertain.
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