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The Reformation and Reaction (1500-1800 AD) (William Tyndale)
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장부영
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2009-01-04 15:18:02, 조회 : 2,272 |
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15. The British Reformation
British Reformation began at the political motif rather than the reform of the Christian doctrine. It had lots of struggles between the kings and popes.
(1) William Tyndale (1490-1536)
1) He was born in the 1490s in the Welsh border. He was educated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford and later at Cambridge.
2) The only English translation of the Bible at that time was the Wycliff Bible, which was distributed by the Lollards, the followers of Wycliff which was available only in manuscript form and inaccurate, having been translated from the Latin Vulgate. Until 1408 English Bible was banned.
3) He hoped to make a new, accurate translation from the original Hebrew and Greek, and in due course he obtained financial support from a number of London merchants.
4) He went to Worms (because England was no safe place to be translating the Bible), where the first complete English New Testament was printed in 1526. In 1530, his translation of the Pentateuch (Genesis to Deuteronomy) was published at Antwerp, where he had settled.
5) His translation has had an immense influence and has rightly earned him the title of 'the father of the English Bible'. Some 90 per cent of his words passed into the King James Version and about 70 per cent into the Revised standard Version.
6) Besides, he wrote a number of other works:
① Parable of Wicked Mammon (on justification by faith alone).
② The Obedience of a Christian man (on the duty of obeying civil authority, except where loyalty to God is concerned).
7) He planned to translate the entire Old Testament, but in 1535 he was betrayed by a fellow at Antwerp and arrested. In 1536 he was strangled and them burnt at Brussels. It is reported that his final words were: 'Lord, open the king of England's eyes'.
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