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The Middle Ages (West) (500-1500 AD) (Bonaventure)
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장부영
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2008-11-30 00:09:46, 조회 : 2,402 |
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11. Bonaventure (1221-1274)
(1) His original name was John of Fidanza. He was born in Tuscan (Northern Italy) in 1221. In the days of the late teens or early twenties he joined the Franciscan order and was given the name Bonaventure.
(2) He was attracted to Francis because Francis was like the early apostles in his unlearned simplicity. But he thought that Franciscans should go to produce the highest academic brains because the church had gone up to the higher level, and the doctors had been producing at that time.
(3) He studied at Paris and taught there from 1248 to 1255. In 1255 his Neo-Platonic philosophy were faced with the Aristotle's philosophy to which Thomas Aquinas adopted and sought to reconciliate with Christian theology.
(4) He studied Aristotle and borrowed ideas from him, and he used Aristotle, but he did not call him master. He fitted this into an Platonic framework.
(5) As Augustine he thought that unchanging concepts, such as justice or beauty, cannot be learned through the bodily sense but through the eternal Ideas of justice or beauty in the soul, that is to say through one's inner light.
(6) He was appointed to lead the Franciscan order as its Minister General in 1257. But he was conflicted within the order over the practicality of Francis's Rule and the need to modify it. He helped to resolve these tension and is known as the 'Second Founder' of the order. He died in 1274.
(7) He wrote several his own works a biography:
1) Life of St. Francis (1260-1263)
2) Journey of the soul into God (1259) - Three Stages
① Meditation on the nature.
② Meditation on the soul.
③ Meditation on God.
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