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The Rise of Islam founded by Muhammad (630s-Now)
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장부영
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2008-11-08 13:45:37, 조회 : 2,474 |
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8. The Rise of Islam (630s-Now)
(1) A new world power Islam had arisen in 630s. Islam had been founded by Muhammad, a prophet and military commander from Meca.
(2) He had received a series of divine revelations that would later be written down in the Qur'ran the sacred book of Islam.
(3) He had fought battle after battle to win the political and spiritual allegiance of the Arab world.
(4) Now, after his death in 632, his followers were organizing themselves into a mighty military force that would win half the world for Allah and his Prophet.
(5) By 638 the Muslim had defeated Byzantine force and occupied Jerusalem, and throughout the 640s and 650s they swept through North Africa.
(6) By the 8th century, Spain had been conquered. Most of the old Roman empire bowed to the Caliph, and still the expansion continued into Asia and Sicily.
(7) In Syria and Egypt, the Nestorian and Monophysite churches found themselves being slowly swamped and strangled by the Muslim flood.
(8) The incredible rise of Islam as a military and spiritual power had an immense influence on Christianity. Superficially, it provided medieval Christendom with a rival power, an 'infidel' in a cold war that simmered for centuries before finally erupting into the Crusades.
(9) The works of Muslim philosophers and theologians influenced Christian thinkers such as Thomas Aquinas.
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